It is endodermal in origin. 2. These are a pair of much branched accessory reproductive glands of female. The first chamber of the heart is continued anteriorly into an anterior aorta which opens into the head sinus. Female Reproductive Organs of Cockroach: (i) Ovaries:. Nervous System 6. The apices of these muscles are attached to the terga and their broad bases to the dorsal diaphragm. The inner lining of the armarium is raised into six chitinous powerful teeth, which form an efficient grinding apparatus. Mouth leads into a tubular pharynx from which arises a narrow, thin-walled, short oesophagus. It is also formed by the fusion of three pairs of ganglia – mandibular, maxillary and labial ganglia. It represents the brain which is chiefly concerned with sensory function. The key difference between male and female reproductive system is that the male reproductive system produces sperms while the female reproductive system produces egg cells or the ova. TOS4. All Rights Reserved. This is called mosaic vision. The phallomeres together constitute the phallic organs or gonapophyses which help in copulation. However, Mastotermitidae termites have multiflagellate sperm with limited … The insect is made up of three main body regions (tagmata), the head, thorax and abdomen. They can transmit a variety of bacterial diseases by contaminating our food material. Welcome to NotesOnZoology.com! Each ovariole forms one mature ovum at a time. There is a heart and aorta but no capillaries or veins. In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. These completely circular cuticular rings keep the tracheae distended and prevent the tracheae from collapsing even if there is no air in them. 2. are a part of reproductive system of female cockroach and are associated with utricular gland . Surrounding the male genital pore in the genital pouch there are three chitinous plates called phallomeres. The viscera lie immersed in blood called haemolymph of the haemocoel or body cavity. Digestive System of Cockroach 2. Genital pouch or gynatrium is a large boat shaped structure which is largely formed by the 7th sternum. As they are laid they become fertilized by sperms ejaculated simultaneously from spermathecae. This kind of vision is known as mosaic vision with more sensitivity but less resolution, being common during night and hence called nocturnal vision. Sexually mature male and female cockroaches generally mate during nights from March to September months. They are dropped or glued to a suitable surface, usually in a crack or crevice of high relative humidity near a food source. The hinder part of each heart chamber has a pair of minute lateral openings called ostia which allow the haemolymph to flow in only one direction i.e., from pericardial sinus to the heart and not vice versa. Each ovary consists of 8 blind ovarian tubules or ovarioles inside which the linear series of ova are situated in an acropetal order (oldest at base and youngest at tip). (2) Sixteen ova, one from each ovariole of the two ovaries, are dischagred at a time into the genital … The body of female cockroach is larger. The nymph undergoes moulting about 13 times to become the adult. Development is direct, the nymphs look very much like adults and life history includes three stages – egg → nymph → adult. The female reproductive system is made up of many parts. Dorsal pericardial sinus encloses heart, aorta and one pair of alary muscles in each segment, one on either side of heart. It is the main motor centre. At the junction of the midgut and the hindgut there are 100-150 thin, delicate, yellowish thread-like (or hair like) structures called the Malpighian tubules. The newly hatched larva weighs about 2 mg and doubles its weight at each larva-larva molt. Haemocoel is divided by a dorsal and ventral diaphragms into three blood filled sinuses-dorsal pericardial, middle perivisceral and ventral perineural. The nervous system consists of the following: The supra-oesophageal ganglion or the cerebral ganglion is a bilobed structure formed by the fusion of three pairs of ganglia viz., proto, deuto and tritocerebrum. These glands which are situated just behind the ovaries open into the genital pouch by two separate openings, lying close together, a little behind and above the spermathecal opening. The process of copulation lasts for an hour or so, after which the male and female separate. In cockroach there are altogether ten pairs of segmentally arranged spiracles or stigmata of which two pairs are in the thorax and eight pairs in the abdomen. This website includes study notes, research papers, essays, articles and other allied information submitted by visitors like YOU. i. Ovaries: These are a pair of gonads; each is termed as ovary which yellowish in colour, and lies on either side of median line embedded in the fat body in 4th to 6th abdominal segments. Each testis consists of 30-40 small whitish transparent follicles in which the spermatozoa are formed. Female Reproductive System of Cockroach / Grasshopper. They are about 60 to 150 in number and are arranged in 6-8 bundles. Inside the heart the blood flows unidirectional from posterior end to the anterior end of the body. Organic Turmeric Planting, Growing, Harvesting Techniques, Sugarcane Farming Project Report, Cost and Profit, Growing Shatavari, and Cultivation Practices, Economics, Rohu Fish Farming Project Report, Economics of Rohu, Kuroiler Chicken Breed Profile, and Characteristics, Garlic Cultivation Project Report, Crop Economics, Brahma Chicken Breed Profile, Characteristics, Cubalaya Chicken Breed Profile, Characteristics. All of this takes place at 30 C, the optimum temperature for growth and reproduction. Each ovary is formed of a group of eight ovarian tubules or ovarioles. A few species are found in and around human habitat, being pests they destroy food and contaminate it with their smelly excreta. All the eight ovarioles of an ovary unite to form a short and wide lateral oviduct. These gonapophyses act as ovipositor valves. Of these one pair arises laterally from 8th sternum, while other two pairs arise from 9th sternum. vi. The female reproductive system provides several functions. : Reproductive organs of female cockroach. The compound eyes are situated on the dorsal surface of the head. From the head sinus, blood flows into antennae in head and to wings through veins. © 2020 - Agriculture. Excretory System 5. OVIDUCTS … Furthermore, the formation of sperms occurs in a cold environment, whereas the formation of ova occurs under warm conditions within the ovaries. Altogether 16 eggs descend into the genital chamber. Female Reproductive System of Cockroach / Grasshopper. Each ovary... ❤. The haemolymph circulates in the body cavity by the contraction and relaxation of the heart which is assisted by the alary muscles. Each eye consists of about 2000 hexagonal ommatidia. It is in the form of a short narrow tube which is lined internally by endoderm. Furthermore, penis, scrotum, seminal vesicles, vas deferens, prostate, and Cowper’s gland are the structures of the male reproductive system … The egg case is brown when deposited and turns black in a day or two. Colleterial glands: These are two, asymmetrical, very much branched and tubular glands. The anterior and dorsal margins of the genital pouch are formed by the 8th and 9th sterna respectively while posterior, ventral and lateral margins are formed by the 7th sterna. Malpighian tubules are the main excretory organs of cockroach. With the help of several ommatidia, a cockroach can receive several images at a time of an object. The common thread of one ovary unites with the one from the opposite ovary and forms a median ligament. The ducts of two glands unite to form a common duct, which open on the dorsal side of genital chamber. In these projections, developing ova are present in a row, which looks like a series of beads. Blood of cockroach is colourless as it has no haemoglobin pigments. Anal styles are absent. Females of the American cockroach lay their eggs in a hardened, purse shaped egg case called an ootheca. The seventh abdominal ganglion is the largest which is supposed to be formed by the fusion of three pairs of ganglia. The antennae are relatively larger than that of the males. The elaborate tracheal system carries oxygen directly to all the body cells. The female reproductive system is made up of internal and external organs that function to produce haploid female gametes called eggs, secrete female sex hormones (such as estrogen), and carry and give birth to a fetus. The contraction of alary muscles results in the enlargement of pericardial sinus so that blood flows into it from the underlying perivisceral sinus. Each ovary consists of eight faintly yellowish ovarioles. The sperms are stored in the seminal vesicles and are glued together in the form of bundles called spermatophores which are discharged during copulation. The two vasa deferentia, one from each testis, run posteriorly downwards and open into the ejaculatory duct through seminal vesicles. The heart consists of 13 funnel shaped chambers. They are short, finger-like, hollow and blind. Ootheca is a dark reddish to blackish brown capsule. There are three pairs of large, parallel longitudinal tracheal trunks one dorsal, one ventral and one lateral. Each ovariole has a thread like apical prolongation, the terminal filament. Digestive system of cockroach consists of the mouth parts, a long alimentary canal and a pair of salivary glands. Male Reproductive System It is located in the posterior part of the abdomen. Male Reproductive System; It consists of a pair of testes one lying on each side in the 4-6th abdominal segments. In response, the sexually excited male raises its forewing and rapidly flutters its hindwings. Answer ❤. The male reproductive system consists of a pair of testes present in the 4th and 6th segments of the abdomen laterally: The female reproductive system consists of two ovaries in the 2nd and 6th segment of the abdomen. There are two large, light yellow- coloured ovaries lying laterally in the segment 4th, 5th, 6th, embedded... (ii) Vagina:. REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM IN INSECTS Sexual dimorphism is noticed in cockroach In male cockroach, at the posterior end of the abdomen there is a pair of short segmented anal cerci and unsegmented anal styli. The gizzard contains an anterior armarium, middle pulvillus and posterior stomodeal valve. It is a single, median, wide, glandular and muscular duct which extends backward and opens into the genital pouch through the male genital pore. Before publishing your Notes on this site, please read the following pages: 1. It is the main site of digestion and absorption. The tracheae have cuticular lining called intima or taenidia which form spiral or ring like thickening around the tracheae. If the female had continuous food availability it could produce an ootheca every 2-3 days to 30 °C. Circulatory System 4. This arrangement very well compensates for the inability of blood to transport oxygen due to the absence of a respiratory pigment. The deposited ootheca contains water sufficient for the eggs to develop without receiving additional water from the substrate. During copulation, spermatophore is deposited near the spermathecal pore by gonapophyses of male. Depending upon the position the phallomeres are classified into three types – right, left and ventral phallomeres. Situated between the female genital pore and anus inside the genital pouch there are 3 pairs of chitinous plate like structures called gonapophyses. It secretes material which forms the dark and hard covering of ootheca or the egg pod. The sperms which are formed inside the testes are carried through the vasa deferentia and passed to the seminal vesicles. In female cerci alone are present and styli are absent. The haemocoel of cockroach contains a network of closed, elastic, branched air tubes called tracheae. Respiratory System of Cockroach 3. The supra-oesophageal ganglion and the sub-oesophageal ganglion are connected by a pair of circum-oesophageal connectives or commissures which encircle the oesophagus. Insect physiology includes the physiology and biochemistry of insect organ systems.. ⇨ Anatomy of Earthworm,Cockroach & Frog ⇨ Reproductive System of Earthworm; Reproductive System of Earthworm Anatomy of Earthworm,Cockroach & Frog of Class 11. It is highly specialised for grinding the food. A pair of anal styles (clasper) is present. Mesosternum is partly divided and ninth sternum is visible. The male reproductive system of cockroach consists of the following: Situated amidst fat bodies between 4th and 6th abdominal segments dorsolaterally there is a pair of three lobed testes. In cockroach, the sexes are separate and there is a distinct sexual dimorphism. The genital pouch can be divided into two parts. Preoral cavity leads to mouth (preoral cavity is the cavity enclosed by mouth parts). Reproductive System. The utricular gland is a large whitish gland which is made up of two kinds of glandular tubules – (i) the peripheral, long, slender tubules utriculi majores, whose secretion also forms the covering of spermatophore and (ii) the central, short tubules, utriculi breviores, whose secretion nourishes the sperms. The alimentary canal consists of three parts namely: Foregut or the stomodaeum is the first part of the alimentary canal. The ovaries produce the egg cells, called the ova or oocytes. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Once the sperms migrate into the spermatheca, the spermatophore wall is dropped. When the alary muscles relax, blood is forced through ostia into the heart. Midgut or ventriculus or mesenteron is the second part of the alimentary canal. When the heart and aorta contract peristaltically from behind forwards the blood is driven into head sinus and then into the perivisceral and perineural sinuses. Opening into the anterior end of the midgut, there are six to eight hepatic caecae (gastric caecae or enteric caecae or mesenteric caecae). The female reproductive system function and structure of the male reproductive system tend to toss our mind a lot during revision. Thus, the supra-oesophageal ganglion, circum-oesophageal connectives and the sub-oesophageal ganglion together constitute the nerve ring around the oesophagus in the head capsule. They help in absorbing water. Common Oviduct: The lateral oviducts unite below the hind gut and form a common duct which opens into the genital chamber by a vertical slit, the female gonophores. The reproductive system is the human organ system responsible for the production and fertilization of gametes (sperm or eggs) and, in females, the carrying of a fetus. The male reproductive system has a pair of testes that lie on the lateral side in the 4th -6th abdominal segments. There are backwardly directed bristles behind the teeth in the pulvillus which act as strainers and allow only fine particles to pass through. They are present in the 6th segment. The glandular wall of the ejaculatory duct secretes the covering wall of spermatophore. The two spermathecae open by a median aperture in the dorsal wall of the genital pouch, at the tip of a small spermathecal papilla on 9th sternum. The system is designed to transport the ova to the site of fertilization. The respiratory system of cockroach consists of ectodermal air tubes or tracheae which communicate with the exterior by spiracles or stigmata. The crop leads into a small, thick-walled, muscular, pear shaped gizzard or proventriculus. Female Reproductive System: The female reproductive system of cockroach consists of two large ovaries. Difference between Male and Female Cockroach Cockroaches are found in places where there is a warmth, dampness and plenty of organic food to devour. It controls the movements of muscles of mouth parts. It is ectodermal in origin and lined by a cuticle. For example, the intromittent organ is not present in male alates, and the sperm is either immotile or aflagellate. It gives off nerves to mandibles, maxillae and labium. On an average a female cockroach produces 9-10 oothecae during her life time each containing 14-16 eggs arranged in two rows. Its narrow duct opens into the genital pouch by the side of male gonopore. Each of these ganglia is formed by the fusion of two ganglia except the seventh. Classification of cockroach 2. Female reproductive system: It consists of a pair of ovaries which possess number of ovarioles a pair of oviducts, common oviduct / Median oviduct spermatheca a pair of accessory glands and Bursa copulatrix or copulatory pouch or genital chamber or vagina There are three pairs of large ganglia in the thorax, one pair in each of the pro, meso and metathoracic segments. 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